Suchprofil: Selbständigkeit Durchsuchter Fertigstellungsmonat: 10/21 Sortierung: 1. SSCI-JOURNALS 2. SONSTIGE REFERIERTE ZEITSCHRIFTEN 3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN 4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER 5. MONOGRAPHISCHE LITERATUR 6. BEITRÄGE ZU SAMMELWERKEN **************** 1. SSCI-JOURNALS **************** %0 Journal Article %J The American economic review %V 111 %N 10 %F Z 002 %A Breza, Emily %A Kaur, Supreet %A Shamdasani, Yogita %T Labor Rationing %D 2021 %P S. 3184-3224 %G en %# 2014-2018 %R 10.1257/aer.20201385 %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201385 %U https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20201385 %X "This paper measures excess labor supply in equilibrium. We induce hiring shocks-which employ 24 percent of the labor force in external month-long jobs'in Indian local labor markets. In peak months, wages increase instantaneously and local aggregate employment declines. In lean months, consistent with severe labor rationing, wages and aggregate employment are unchanged, with positive employment spillovers on remaining workers, indicating that over a quarter of labor supply is rationed. At least 24 percent of lean self-employment among casual workers occurs because they cannot find jobs. Consequently, traditional survey approaches mismeasure labor market slack. Rationing has broad implications for labor market analysis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Arbeitskräfteangebot %K Arbeitsmarktgleichgewicht %K regionaler Arbeitsmarkt %K Personaleinstellung %K Lohnentwicklung %K Beschäftigungsentwicklung %K Gelegenheitsarbeit %K Selbständige %K Arbeitslosigkeit %K Unterbeschäftigung %K Arbeitskräftenachfrage %K Freiwilligkeit %K berufliche Selbständigkeit %K saisonbereinigte Arbeitslosigkeit %K verdeckte Arbeitslosigkeit %K ländlicher Raum %K Abwanderung %K Auswirkungen %K Saisonarbeit %K Indien %K E24 %K J22 %K J23 %K J31 %K J64 %K O15 %K R23 %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-19 %M K211005L6C %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J The British journal of sociology %N online first %F Z 012 %A Dietrich, Hans %A Patzina, Alexander %A Chesters, Jenny %A Reissner, Volker %T School-to-work transition and subjective well-being in Australia %D 2021 %P 34 S. %G en %# 2001-2018 ; 2001-2018 %R 10.1111/1468-4446.12895 %U https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12895 %U https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12895 %X "The school-to-work transition is a demanding period during an individual's life course in all societies particularly because the educational decisions made during this period have long-lasting consequences in multiple life domains. Moreover, adverse starting points after secondary school are likely to lead to adverse outcomes that might cumulate over the life course. This study analyses subjective well-being during this sensitive period and examines the following two questions. First, how do different school-to-work transitions relate to subjective well-being changes? Second, how does subjective well-being develop during and after secondary schooling? As the school-to-work transition period is structured by gender, each analytical step aims to identify gender differences. Furthermore, based on life course theories, this study investigates whether adverse starting points after secondary school lead to cumulative effects in the development of subjective well-being. Based on data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey and fixed effects regressions, our results reveal that transitions to employment increase subjective well-being, while transitions to unemployment decrease subjective well-being. Furthermore, transitions to study increase subjective well-being only among men, while such transitions appear to decrease subjective well-being among women. The results related to the development of subjective well-being indicate that subjective well-being decreases during secondary schooling and continues to decrease after individuals leave school. This decrease is stronger among men. Finally, our results reveal the negative cumulative effects of adverse starting points on the development of subjective well-being. Overall, the results reveal great intra-individual variation in subjective well-being during the school-to-work transition period in Australia." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Berufseinmündung %K Auswirkungen %K Lebenssituation %K Zufriedenheit %K Entwicklung %K Sekundarbereich %K Schulabgänger %K geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren %K Arbeitslosigkeit %K Studium %K Berufsausbildung %K junge Erwachsene %K Erwerbstätigkeit %K berufliche Selbständigkeit %K Nichterwerbstätigkeit %K Berufseinmündung %K Auswirkungen %K Lebenssituation %K Zufriedenheit %K Entwicklung %K Sekundarbereich %K Schulabgänger %K geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren %K Arbeitslosigkeit %K Studium %K Berufsausbildung %K junge Erwachsene %K Erwerbstätigkeit %K berufliche Selbständigkeit %K Nichterwerbstätigkeit %K Australien %K Australien %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-19 %M K210916LVU %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J Small Business Economics %N online first %F Z 998 %A Fackler, Daniel %A Hölscher, Lisa %A Schnabel, Claus %A Weyh, Antje %T Does working at a start-up pay off? %D 2021 %P S. 1-23 %G en %# 2000-2014 %R 10.1007/s11187-021-00508-2 %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00508-2 %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00508-2 %X "Using representative linked employer-employee data for Germany, this paper analyzes short- and long-run differences in labor market performance of workers joining start-ups instead of incumbent firms. Applying entropy balancing and following individuals over ten years, we find huge and long-lasting drawbacks from entering a start-up in terms of wages, yearly income, and (un)employment. These disadvantages hold for all groups of workers and types of start-ups analyzed. Although our analysis of different subsequent career paths highlights important heterogeneities, it does not reveal any strategy through which workers joining start-ups can catch up with the income of similar workers entering incumbent firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en)) %K Unternehmensgründung %K Lohnhöhe %K Arbeitsplatzwahl %K Einkommenseffekte %K Berufsaussichten %K Auswirkungen %K Unternehmensalter %K Berufsverlauf %K Integrierte Erwerbsbiografien %K IAB-Betriebs-Historik-Panel %K Arbeitslosigkeit %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K J31 %K J63 %K L26 %K M51 %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-12 %M K210527JVJ %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J Work, Employment and Society %V online first %N online first %F Z 917 %A Ferrín, Mónica %T Self-Employed Women in Europe : Lack of Opportunity or Forced by Necessity? %D 2021 %P S. 1-20 %G en %# 2005-2015 %R 10.1177/09500170211035316 %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09500170211035316 %U https://doi.org/10.1177/09500170211035316 %X "The gender gap in self-employment is one of the most resilient in labour participation. While for some, this gap is the result of women's lack of opportunities to become self-employed, for others, it reflects women's preference to stay in paid employment. This article investigates the motivations behind women's decision (either from opportunity or necessity) to start a business in 17 European countries. Results from the analysis suggest that individual resources are fundamental in explaining women's motivations to become entrepreneurs. The type of gender regime and the economic situation in their country also play a role in women's decisions to start a business. Women are more likely to be driven due to opportunity in dual-earner gender regimes than elsewhere, and high levels of unemployment produced by the economic crisis have boosted women's self-employment from necessity. These findings are discussed in relation to the gender gap in self-employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K erwerbstätige Frauen %K Selbständige %K berufliche Selbständigkeit %K Determinanten %K internationaler Vergleich %K Präferenz %K Arbeitsmarktchancen %K Arbeitsmotivation %K Erwerbsmotivation %K Unternehmertum %K Entscheidungskriterium %K ökonomische Faktoren %K soziale Faktoren %K qualifikationsspezifische Faktoren %K psychosoziale Faktoren %K Beruf und Familie %K Europa %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-19 %M K211007L75 %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J Small business economics %V 57 %N 3 %F Z 998 %A Kim, Nam Kyoon N. %A Parker, Simon C. %T Entrepreneurial homeworkers %D 2021 %P S. 1427-1451 %G en %# 2004-2008 %R 10.1007/s11187-020-00356-6 %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00356-6 %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00356-6 %X "Nearly 40% of British self-employees are homeworkers. Using a large representative sample of the UK longitudinal survey data, we explore the determinants of self-employed homeworking, distinguishing between genders. We reject the notion that homeworking is a transitional entrepreneurial state that the self-employed 'grow out of', while establishing that both employer status and business structure play an important role in predicting which self-employed become homeworkers. Our findings also shed light on two outstanding puzzles in entrepreneurship scholarship: why so few of the self-employed create jobs for others, and why on average the self-employed suffer an earnings penalty compared with employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en)) %K Selbständige %K Telearbeitnehmer %K Telearbeit %K Determinanten %K geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren %K Beruf und Familie %K Berufsverlauf %K zwischenbetriebliche Kooperation %K Personaleinstellung %K Großbritannien %K J13 %K J24 %K L26 %K M13 %K R23 %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-26 %M K211012MB1 %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J New Technology, Work and Employment %N online first %F Z 2269 %A Kinsella, Patricia %A Williams, Steve %A Scott, Peter %A Fontinha, Rita %T Varieties of flexibilisation? The working lives of information and communications technology professionals in the United Kingdom and Germany %D 2021 %P S. 1-20 %G en %R 10.1111/ntwe.12204 %U https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12204 %U https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12204 %X "One feature of 'flexibilisation' concerns the growth of more individualised employment arrangements and career trajectories less connected to employing organisations. Informed by the Varieties of Capitalism approach, which emphasises the embeddedness of employment practices within discrete types of capitalist market economy, and based on rich qualitative data from interviews with 32 self-employed and directly employed ICT professionals in the United Kingdom and Germany, we investigate comparative variation in their experience of flexibilisation. The research findings not only indicate some commonality, particularly in respect of perceptions of independence, but also highlight notable differences with regard to work pressures and insecurity. The paper advances theory by characterising two discrete varieties of flexibilisation, a 'liberalised' form evident in the United Kingdom and a more 'regulated' type apparent in Germany, contributing to a better understanding of comparative differences in flexibilisation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K informationstechnische Berufe %K internationaler Vergleich %K Selbständige %K abhängig Beschäftigte %K berufliche Flexibilität %K Arbeitsbelastung %K Arbeitsbedingungen %K Arbeitsplatzsicherheit %K Arbeitssituation %K Work-Life-Balance %K berufliche Autonomie %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K Großbritannien %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-19 %M K210812LBJ %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J Work, Employment and Society %N online first %F Z 917 %A Pangrazio, Luci %A Bishop, Cameron %A Lee, Fiona %T Old Media, New Gigs : The Discursive Construction of the Gig Economy in Australian News Media %D 2021 %P S. 1-19 %G en %# 2014-2019 %R 10.1177/09500170211034663 %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09500170211034663 %U https://doi.org/10.1177/09500170211034663 %X "This article analyses the representation of the gig economy in three Australian newspapers from 2014 to 2019. 'Gig work' is defined as short term, contract or freelance employment and is seen by many social institutions as the future of work. Drawing on a corpus of 426 articles, Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory is used to examine the construction of the 'gig economy' in the cultural imaginary. Five key elements emerge, including: demographics of workers; working conditions; workers' rights; resistance and regulation; and change and disruption. Despite multiple competing discourses evident across the newspapers, each constructs the gig economy as an inexorable phase in the evolution of the relationship between capital and the worker. The article critically analyses the construction of the discourse, including the difficulties of regulating gig economy platforms and the narrative of inevitability used to describe changes to work and life brought about by technology" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Plattformökonomie %K Fremdbild %K Bericht %K Zeitung %K Arbeitsbedingungen %K Arbeitsrecht %K Beschäftigtenstruktur %K Regulierung %K Diskurs %K Zukunft der Arbeit %K Erwerbsformenwandel %K Entindustrialisierung %K Selbständige %K berufliche Autonomie %K prekäre Beschäftigung %K Protestbewegung %K Australien %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-19 %M K211007L72 %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Journal Article %J ILR review %V 74 %N 5 %F Z 680 %A Racabi, Gali %T Effects of City-State Relations on Labor Relations: The Case of Uber %D 2021 %P S. 1155-1178 %G en %# 2016-2020 %R 10.1177/00197939211036445 %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00197939211036445 %U https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939211036445 %X "Using case studies of labor's interaction with Uber in the United States, the author investigates how legal relations between cities and states affect labor relations models. The case studies demonstrate a persistent dilemma for labor actors outside the National Labor Relations Act: While local regulations might be more politically accessible, these interventions are also more legally vulnerable to state and federal preemption attempts. The implications of this common dilemma are explored through the struggles of unions and labor actors with Uber in New York City, Seattle, and California. The case studies show that city-state relations affect both how innovative and how assertive a local labor relations model can afford to be. These findings can influence broader discussions about ossification and power outside traditional labor relations frames." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Plattformökonomie %K Taxifahrer %K Arbeitsbeziehungen %K Arbeitsrecht %K Regulierung %K Föderalismus %K Gewerkschaftspolitik %K Auswirkungen %K Selbständige %K Kompetenzverteilung %K Subunternehmer %K Streik %K Kommunalpolitik %K Transportgewerbe %K Personenverkehr %K Tarifverhandlungen %K USA %K New York %K Seattle %K Kalifornien %Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals %Z fertig: 2021-10-12 %M K210921LYH %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek ************************* 3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN ************************* %0 Journal Article %J IAB-Forum %N 07 10 2021 %F Z 2182 %A Bruckmeier, Kerstin %A Fitzenberger, Bernd %A Wiemers, Jürgen %T Corona führte zwar bisher nicht zu gestiegener Einkommensungleichheit - für eine Entwarnung ist es dennoch zu früh (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt") %D 2021 %P o. Sz. %C Nürnberg %G de %# 2020-2021 %U https://www.iab-forum.de/corona-fuehrte-zwar-bisher-nicht-zu-gestiegener-einkommensungleichheit-fuer-eine-entwarnung-ist-es-dennoch-zu-frueh/ %X "Viele Erwerbstätige haben durch die Corona-Krise Einkommensrückgänge erlebt. Die bisher vorliegenden Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass die Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland bislang nicht gestiegen ist. Dies muss allerdings keineswegs so bleiben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku) %K Pandemie %K Auswirkungen %K Einkommensverteilung %K soziale Ungleichheit %K Entwicklung %K verfügbares Einkommen %K Erwerbseinkommen %K Selbständige %K geringfügige Beschäftigung %K Einkommenseffekte %K Kurzarbeit %K Steuerentlastung %K Mehrwertsteuer %K Kindergeld %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %Z Typ: 3. sonstige Zeitschriften %Z fertig: 2021-10-22 %M K211007L84 %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek ********************************** 4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER ********************************** %0 Book %1 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (Hrsg.) %A Azoulay, Pierre %A Jones, Benjamin %A Kim, J. Daniel %A Miranda, Javier %T Immigration and Entrepreneurship in the United States %D 2021 %P 44 S. %C Jena %G en %# 2005-2010 %B Jena economic research papers : 2021,14 %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/jrp/jrpwrp/2021-014.html %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/jrp/jrpwrp/2021-014.html %X "Immigrants can expand labor supply and compete for jobs with native-born workers. But immigrants may also start new firms, expanding labor demand. This paper uses U.S. administrative data and other data sources to study the role of immigrants in entrepreneurship. We ask how often immigrants start companies, how many jobs these firms create, and how firms founded by native-born individuals compare. A simple model provides a measurement framework for addressing the dual roles of immigrants as founders and workers. The findings suggest that immigrants act more as "job creators" than "job takers" and play outsized roles in U.S. high-growth entrepreneurship." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Einwanderer %K Unternehmensgründung %K Unternehmer %K abhängig Beschäftigte %K Unternehmertum %K Migrationshintergrund %K ausländische Arbeitgeber %K ausländische Arbeitnehmer %K kulturelle Faktoren %K USA %K L26 %K M13 %K O30 %K J15 %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-12 %M K210923LZ7 %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Book %1 Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut (Hrsg.) %A Buschoff, Karin Schulze %A Emmler, Helge %T Selbstständige in der Corona-Krise : Ergebnisse aus der HBS-Erwerbspersonenbefragung, Wellen 1 bis 5 %D 2021 %P 31 S. %C Düsseldorf %G de %# 2020-2021 %B WSI policy brief : 60 %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/wsipbs/60.html %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/wsipbs/60.html %X "Ziel unseres Policy Briefs ist es, die Situation der Selbstständigen in Deutschland in der Corona-Krise auf der Basis der Erwerbspersonenbefragung der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung näher zu beleuchten und die bereits vorliegenden Erkenntnisse um aktuelle und zu mehreren Zeitpunkten erhobene Daten zu ergänzen. Die HBS-Erwerbspersonenbefragung wurde erstmals zu Beginn der Corona-Krise im April 2020 erhoben mit Fragen zum Einfluss der Krise auf Einkommen, Geschlechterdisparitäten, Einstellungen der Menschen sowie ihr Konsumverhalten. Mittlerweile liegen Ergebnisse von fünf Befragungswellen vor, die letzte wurde vom 29. Juni bis zum 13. Juli dieses Jahres durchgeführt." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku) %K Pandemie %K Auswirkungen %K Selbständige %K Sozialstruktur %K Lebenssituation %K Arbeitssituation %K Arbeitsbelastung %K Einkommenseffekte %K Alterssicherung %K Krankenversicherung %K Arbeitslosenversicherung %K Tarifvertrag %K Arbeitszeit %K Unsicherheit %K wirtschaftliche Situation %K Einstellungen %K Krisenmanagement %K Bundesregierung %K Telearbeit %K Kleinstunternehmen %K Arbeitskraftunternehmer %K Beruf und Familie %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-14 %M K210928L2W %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Book %1 Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Hrsg.) %A Faria, Joao Ricardo %A Goel, Rajeev K. %A Göktepe-Hultén, Devrim %T Factors facilitating the inventing academics' transition from nascent entrepreneurs to business owners %D 2021 %P 29 S. %C Kiel %G en %# 2007-2008 %B Kiel working paper : 2197 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/240204 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/240204 %X "Considering the sequential nature of nascent entrepreneurship and business ownership, this paper examines the propensities of academic entrepreneurs to be business owners. A theoretical model sets up the empirical analysis based on survey data from a large German public research institute. Traditionally, scientists and entrepreneurs have been seen to occupy opposite ends of a spectrum in terms of their role in innovation. In academic entrepreneurship the two combine on a number of activities. In order to understand the ways in which academic inventors move from pure patenting to nascent entrepreneurship to business ownership and connect seemingly divergent activities. We model their behavior by looking at various factors among German scientists. Academic inventors present a critical case since science and entrepreneurship are often seen as radically different, not the least in terms of knowledge production. By bringing the analysis from the level of social behavior and roles to the level of knowledge production, we can better address questions such as: How is knowledge in the interfaces of epistemic communities produced? How can such knowledge be organized and sustained? and How can relations between individuals on 'opposing sides' be constructively managed? The empirical results show that scientists' positive attitudes towards commercialization of results consistently contribute to tendencies towards academic entrepreneurship; however, the academic discipline and risk aversion did not have a statistically significant impact. Having a doctoral degree lowered the propensities toward nascent entrepreneurship, but had the opposite effect on business ownership. Finally, age and experience made business ownership more likely. The results of this study would contribute to a more general theory of how scientists can combine their commercial and scientific activities in spite of an alleged divergence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Unternehmensgründung %K Unternehmer %K Akademiker %K Tätigkeitsfelder %K Innovationsprozess %K Innovationsbereitschaft %K Wissensarbeit %K Studienabschluss %K Hochschulabsolventen %K Unternehmertum %K altersspezifische Faktoren %K Berufserfahrung %K Risikobereitschaft %K Determinanten %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K O33 %K O52 %K L26 %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-08 %M K210920LXD %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Book %1 European Trade Union Institute (Hrsg.) %A Pulignano, Valeria %A Domecka, Markieta %A Muszynski, Karol %A Vermeerbergen, Lander %A Riemann, Me-Linh %T Creative labour in the era of Covid'19 : the case of freelancers %D 2021 %P 29 S. %C Brussels %G en %B Working paper / European Trade Union Institute : 2021.02 %U https://www.etui.org/sites/default/files/2021-05/Creative%20labour%20in%20the%20era%20of%20Covid-19%20the%20case%20of%20freelancers-2021-web.pdf %X "This working paper identifies some key areas of policy intervention for advancing socially sustainable and fair solutions for freelancers working in the creative industries, who are among those have suffered the most from the economic fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic. In particular, we focus on those who work entirely on their own account, without employees (i.e. the 'solo self-employed'), and who undertake project- or task-based work on a fixed-term basis. While demand for some services (e.g. ICT services, software development, digital communication, media, medical translation and audiobooks) has grown, due to their digital nature or essentiality in the post-Covid reality, other types of creative work have suffered due to increased competition, decreased demand, or because they were entirely put on hold due to the pandemic. National government policy measures aimed at cushioning the impact of Covid-19 on workers' livelihoods proved necessary but insufficient to guarantee long-term protection. This is because the eligibility criteria for such support measures exclude many freelancers in the creative industries. Moreover, those who have been guaranteed access to national government support are often confronted with the complexity and length of the administrative proceedings which accompany the implementation of these measures. Finally, career development and employability are vulnerable areas for freelancers due to there being a lack of (or insufficient) national funds dedicated to these areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Pandemie %K Auswirkungen %K Kulturwirtschaft %K Selbständige %K Beschäftigungseffekte %K Wirtschaftsförderung %K Krisenmanagement %K Leistungsanspruch %K Anspruchsvoraussetzung %K Soziale Sicherheit %K Kleinstunternehmen %K Arbeitsrecht %K Regulierung %K Arbeitskraftunternehmer %K freie Mitarbeiter %K Wissenswirtschaft %K Wissensarbeit %K künstlerische Berufe %K internationaler Vergleich %K Werkvertragsarbeitnehmer %K Plattformökonomie %K informationstechnische Berufe %K Medienberufe %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K Europa %K Belgien %K Frankreich %K Italien %K Niederlande %K Polen %K Schweden %K Großbritannien %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-26 %M K211014MDM %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Book %1 University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences (Hrsg.) %A Rostam-Afschar, Davud %A Unsorg, Maximiliane %T Entry regulation and competition: Evidence from retail and labormarkets of pharmacists %D 2021 %P 30 S. %C Stuttgart %G en %# 2002-2009 %B Hohenheim discussion papers in business, economics and social sciences : 2021,3 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/235531 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/235531 %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/glodps/836.html %U https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/tuewef/146.html %X "We examine a deregulation of German pharmacists to assess its effects on retail and labor markets. From 2004 onward, the reform allowed pharmacists to expand their single-store firms and to open or acquire up to three affliated stores. This partial deregulation of multi-store prohibition reduced the cost of firm expansion substantially and provides the basis for our analysis. We develop a theoretical model that suggests that the general limitation of the total store number per firm to four is excessively restrictive. Firms with high managerial effciency will open more stores per furm and have higher labor demand. Our empirical analysis uses very rich information from the administrative panel data on the universe of pharmacies from 2002 to 2009 and their affiliated stores matched with survey data, which provide additional information on the characteristics of expanding firms before and after the reform. We find a sharp immediate increase in entry rates, which continues to be more than five-fold of its pre-reform level after five years for expanding firms. Expanding firms can double revenues but not profits after three years. We show that the increase of the number of employees by 50% after five years and the higher overall employment in the local markets, which increased by 40%, can be attributed to the deregulation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Apotheker %K Auswirkungen %K Deregulierung %K Berufsrecht %K Wettbewerb %K pharmazeutische Industrie %K Einzelhandel %K Zweigbetrieb %K Betriebsgründung %K Ertrag %K Gewinn %K Beschäftigungseffekte %K Unternehmenskonzentration %K Wettbewerbsbeschränkung %K Arbeitskräftenachfrage %K berufliche Selbständigkeit %K Kosten %K Quote %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K L50 %K L40 %K L20 %K J44 %K J23 %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-05 %M K210915LUV %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek %0 Book %1 Institut für Mittelstandsforschung Bonn (Hrsg.) %A Suprinovic, Olga %A Kranzusch, Peter %A Nielen, Sebastian %A Kay, Rosemarie %T Entwicklung der Existenzgründungen in den Kreisen und kreisfreien Städten 2003-2019 %D 2021 %P VI, 58 S. %C Bonn %G de %# 2003-2019 %B Daten und Fakten / Institut für Mittelstandsforschung Bonn : 25 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/242931 %U http://hdl.handle.net/10419/242931 %X "Basierend auf der Gewerbeanzeigenstatistik untersuchen wir die Entwicklung des Existenzgründungsgeschehens in 401 Kreisen und kreisfreien Städten in Deutschland im Zeitraum 2003 bis 2019. Das Gründungsgeschehen der Kreise variiert erheblich während des gesamten Zeitraums. Am aktuellen Rand liegt die Gründungsintensität zwischen 23 und 127 Existenzgründungen je 10.000 Erwerbsfähige. Sie ist über den Gesamtzeitraum jährlich um 4,3% gesunken, doch rund 40% der Kreise haben sich besser als der Durchschnitt entwickelt. Fünf Kreise weisen sogar eine insgesamt positive Entwicklung auf. Die unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen führten zu teilweise erheblichen Verschiebungen in der Rangordnung der Kreise nach Gründungsintensität. Die Unterschiede im regionalen Gründungsgeschehen sind im betrachten Zeitraum keineswegs stabil." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku) %X "Based on the business registration statistics, we examine the development of start-up activity in 401 districts and independent cities in Germany for the period from 2003 to 2019. At the current edge, an extremely heterogeneous picture emerges. The start-up intensity varies between 23 and 127 start-ups per 10,000 persons of working age. Over the entire period, the average annual decline in start-up intensity was -4.3%. About 40% of the districts have developed better than the average, and five districts even show a positive development on average for all years. The different developments have led to some considerable shifts in the ranking of the districts. The differences in regional start-up activity are also by no means stable over the period under review." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Unternehmensgründung %K Quote %K Entwicklung %K regionaler Vergleich %K Landkreis %K Stadt %K regionale Disparität %K Ranking %K Bundesrepublik Deutschland %K L26 %K O10 %K R11 %Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper %Z fertig: 2021-10-26 %M K211013MDF %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek *************************** 5. MONOGRAPHISCHE LITERATUR *************************** %0 Book %A European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training %T Skill development in the platform economy : Comparing microwork and online freelancing %D 2021 %P 67 S. %C Thessaloniki %G en %# 2017-2020 %B CEDEFOP research paper : 81 %@ ISBN 978-92-896-3251-5 %R 10.2801/592284 %U https://doi.org/10.2801/592284 %U https://doi.org/10.2801/592284 %X "This new Cedefop CrowdLearn study undertakes a comparative analysis of skill development and workplace learning practices among two major types of online platform work: online freelancing and microwork. It combines information on microworkers drawn from Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform with the original CrowdLearn sample of online freelancers surveyed from three major online labour platforms (Fiverr, Upwork, PeoplePerHour). The research compares the types and frequency of use of workplace learning activities and self-regulated learning strategies adopted by these two main types of crowdworker. The first of its kind internationally, this comparative study generates additional insights and policy recommendations on how to foster workplace learning and skill development in the platform economy. It highlights the potential role of microwork as a viable avenue for labour market integration, income supplementation and skill development opportunities for workers who otherwise underutilise their skills. Supporting skill development in 'voluntary' microwork could be a relevant course of policy action for the EU in dealing with the economic fallout and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) %K Plattformökonomie %K Qualifikationsentwicklung %K internetbasierte Arbeitsorganisation %K informationstechnische Berufe %K Arbeitsmotivation %K Arbeitszufriedenheit %K Tätigkeitsmerkmale %K Lernen und Arbeiten %K selbstgesteuertes Lernen %K Hochqualifizierte %K Niedrigqualifizierte %K Einfacharbeit %K freie Mitarbeiter %K Selbständige %K online %K Beschäftigtenstruktur %K Nebentätigkeit %K Einkommenshöhe %K on-the-job training %K Europa %Z Typ: 5. monographische Literatur %Z fertig: 2021-10-28 %M K211014MDX %~ LitDokAB %W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek 16 von 446 Datensätzen ausgegeben.