Suchprofil: Gender_wage_gap Durchsuchter Fertigstellungsmonat: 05/23 Sortierung: 1. SSCI-JOURNALS 2. SONSTIGE REFERIERTE ZEITSCHRIFTEN 3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN 4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER 5. MONOGRAPHISCHE LITERATUR 6. BEITRÄGE ZU SAMMELWERKEN **************** 1. SSCI-JOURNALS **************** @Article{Bowlus:2022:FDC, Journal= {Quantitative Economics}, Volume= {13}, Number= {4}, Author= {Audra J. Bowlus and Émilien Gouin-Bonenfant and Huju Liu and Lance Lochner and Youngmin Park}, Title= {Four Decades of Canadian Earnings Inequality and Dynamics across Workers and Firms}, Year= {2022}, Pages= {1447-1491}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.3982/QE1846}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.3982/QE1846}, Abstract= {"This paper studies the evolution of individual earnings inequality and dynamics in Canada from 1983 to 2016 using tax files and administrative records. Linking individual tax filers to their employers (and rich administrative records on firms) beginning in 2001, it also documents the relationship between the earnings dynamics of workers and the size and growth of their employers. It highlights three main patterns over this period: First, with a few exceptions (sharp increase in top 1% and declining gender gap), Canada has experienced relatively modest changes in overall earnings inequality, volatility, and mobility between 1983 and 2016. Second, earnings inequality and the distribution of earnings growth vary substantially over the business cycle. Third, the earnings dynamics of individuals are strongly related to the size and employment growth of their employers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Einkommensverteilung; soziale Ungleichheit; Entwicklung; Lohnunterschied; Lohnentwicklung; Einkommensmobilität; Konjunkturabhängigkeit; Unternehmensgröße; Beschäftigungsentwicklung; Auswirkungen; Unternehmen; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; altersspezifische Faktoren; qualifikationsspezifische Faktoren; Kanada; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 1983-2016}, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: E24 ; J24 ; J31 ; J62 ; L25}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 2079}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K221230WGD}, } @Article{Dowd:2023:SSW, Journal= {Work and occupations}, Number= {online first}, Author= {Timothy J. Dowd and Park Ju Hyun}, Title= {She Still Works Hard for the Money: Composers, Precarious Work, and the Gender Pay Gap}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {1-69}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884231165079}, Abstract= {"Music composers exemplify precarious work: they historically have been freelancers and have relied on multiple jobs to subsidize their creative work. We focus here on the gender pay gap amidst such precariousness – heeding their income earned solely from composition and from the totality of jobs recently held. There is no gender pay gap when it comes to income earned from composition but there is a significant gap for income earned from all jobs, showing that women composers face relative disadvantage in subsidizing their creative work. We also find that men and women composers experience different and racialized returns to their capitals and career positioning when navigating precarious work. These findings have lessons for multiple literatures – including those on the new sociology of work and on creative careers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Komponist; freie Berufe; prekäre Beschäftigung; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Mehrfachbeschäftigung; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Nebentätigkeit; Bildungsertrag; Musikwirtschaft; Person of Color; Weiße; Kulturwirtschaft; Race; USA; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2008-2008}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 1346}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230508YVE}, } @Article{Gulyas:2023:DPT, Journal= {American Economic Journal. Economic Policy}, Volume= {15}, Number= {2}, Author= {Andreas Gulyas and Sebastian Seitz and Sourav Sinha}, Title= {Does Pay Transparency Affect the Gender Wage Gap? Evidence from Austria}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {236-255}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20210128}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/bon/boncrc/crctr224_2021_194v2.html}, Abstract= {"We study the 2011 Austrian pay transparency law, which requires firms above a size threshold to publish internal reports on the gender pay gap. Using an event-study design, we show that the policy had no discernible effects on male and female wages, thus leaving the gender wage gap unchanged. The effects are precisely estimated, and we rule out that the policy narrowed the gender wage gap by more than 0.4 p.p.. Moreover, we do not find evidence for wage compression within establishments. We discuss several possible reasons why the reform did not reduce the gender wage gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Auswirkungen; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Informationsrecht; Lohnhöhe; Lohnunterschied; Reformpolitik; Arbeitsmarkttransparenz; Arbeitsrecht; Österreich; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 1997-2018}, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: J31 ; J71 ; J16 ; K31 ; J38 ; J78 ; J08}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 2023}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230509YWH}, } @Article{Picatoste:2023:GWG, Journal= {Empirica}, Volume= {50}, Number= {2}, Author= {Xose Picatoste and Anabela Mesquita and Fernando González-Laxe}, Title= {Gender wage gap, quality of earnings and gender digital divide in the European context}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {301-321}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-022-09555-8}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-022-09555-8}, Abstract= {"One of the leading national and international objectives is to achieve more egalitarian societies. Avoiding gender or digital gaps are priorities generally assumed as concerns of governments and international organizations. This paper evaluates the digital gender divide in its three stages: access, use and results, relating it to gender and salary gaps in the context of the European Union. Cluster analysis was conducted to classify the countries according to their gender digital divide. The influence of age and studies level of males and females was revised. Based on the OECD and EUROSTAT data, an empirical analysis was conducted. By comparison of means, the significant variables influencing the gender digital divide were identified, probing that the educational level significantly influences it, especially in what refers to the third stage. Finally, through a regression analysis, it was proved that the influence of the insecurity and the gender wage gap goes beyond the women and affects society." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; internationaler Vergleich; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; EDV-Anwendung; EDV-Kenntnisse; Auswirkungen; altersspezifische Faktoren; qualifikationsspezifische Faktoren; technischer Wandel; prekäre Beschäftigung; Europa; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2015-2021}, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: O30 ; J78 ; J16 ; J83}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 591}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230426YNH}, } @Article{YuYue:2023:PDO, Journal= {Empirical economics}, Volume= {64}, Number= {5}, Author= {Yue Yu and Chengkui Liu}, Title= {Pre-market discrimination or post-market discrimination: research on inequality of opportunity for labor income in China}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {2291-2313}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-022-02315-4}, Abstract= {"Inequality of opportunity (hereafter 'IO') restricts the realization of social justice, and its mechanism has always attracted attention. Using China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) data in 2012, 2014, and 2016, we fully consider the impact of easily neglected educational opportunities on income inequality and creatively get pre-market and post-market discrimination channels. Research shows that IO is a fundamental cause of employees' income inequality in China. Male-female and urban-rural opportunity inequality can severally explain 31.66% and 17.16% of total IO. Using the optimized Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method, we obtain that pre-market and post-market discriminations are the main paths of urban-rural and male-female opportunity inequality, respectively. What's more, the above pathway has different characteristics in different income groups. Therein, affected by the asymmetric information and employer prejudice in the labor market, the proportion of post-market discrimination channels shows a downward trend as income increases. The conclusions provide empirical support for eliminating market discrimination and ensuring equality of opportunity. They also have enlightening significance for relevant policy formulation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Arbeitsmarktchancen; Ungleichheit; Auswirkungen; Einkommenseffekte; Lohnunterschied; Diskriminierung; Bildungschancen; soziale Ungleichheit; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Stadt; ländlicher Raum; Vorurteil; Lohndiskriminierung; regionale Disparität; China; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2012-2016 ; 2012-2016 ; 2012-2016}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 786}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230509YWJ}, } ************************* 3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN ************************* @Article{Albanesi:2023:WIW, Journal= {Centrepiece. The Magazine of The Centre for Economic Performance}, Volume= {28}, Number= {1}, Author= {Stefania Albanesi and Claudia Olivetti and Barbara Petrongolo}, Title= {Women in the workplace: 50 years of change}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {26-28}, Annote= {URL: https://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/cp652.pdf}, Abstract= {"Decades of progress have seen greater opportunities for women in the workplace, but sizeable gender gaps remain in most indicators of economic achievement. Stefania Albanesi, Claudia Olivetti and Barbara Petrongolo review the effect of family policies on women's careers and set out the challenges to come." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Frauenerwerbstätigkeit; Entwicklung; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; erwerbstätige Frauen; Familienpolitik; Auswirkungen; Beruf und Familie; Berufsverlauf; sozialer Wandel; Mütter; Industrieländer; Gleichstellung; Kinderbetreuung; Berufsrückkehrerinnen; }, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 1203}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230427YNY}, } @Article{Vicari:2023:FSA, Journal= {IAB-Forum}, Number= {25 04 2023}, Institution={Institut f{\"u}r Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, N{\"u}rnberg (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Basha Vicari and Ann-Christin B{\"a}chmann and Aline Zucco}, Title= {Frauen {\"u}ben seltener als M{\"a}nner T{\"a}tigkeiten mit hohem Anforderungsniveau aus}, Year= {2023}, Address= {N{\"u}rnberg}, Annote= {URL: https://www.iab-forum.de/frauen-ueben-seltener-als-maenner-taetigkeiten-mit-hohem-anforderungsniveau-aus/}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.48720/IAB.FOO.20230424.01}, Abstract= {"Frauen erreichen in Deutschland im Durchschnitt inzwischen höhere Bildungsabschlüsse als Männer. Dennoch hält sich die Lohnlücke zwischen den Geschlechtern hartnäckig. Dies liegt unter anderem daran, dass Frauen häufiger Tätigkeiten mit niedrigerem Anforderungsniveau ausüben als Männer. Ein Grund ist, dass sich die Geschlechter sehr unterschiedlich auf bestimmte Berufe verteilen. Zudem haben Frauen im Schnitt eine geringere Aufstiegswahrscheinlichkeit als Männer." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: IAB-Open-Access-Publikation; erwerbstätige Frauen; Anforderungsprofil; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Auswirkungen; erwerbstätige Männer; Integrierte Erwerbsbiografien; Qualifikationsniveau; Tätigkeitsmerkmale; Berufswahl; beruflicher Aufstieg; Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien (SIAB); Männerberufe; Frauenberufe; Mischberufe; Berufswechsel; Bundesrepublik Deutschland; }, Annote= {Sprache: de}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 2182}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230502YP4}, } ********************************** 4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER ********************************** @Book{Barigozzi:2023:MWA, Institution={Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Francesca Barigozzi and Helmuth Cremer and Emmanuel Thibault}, Title= {The Motherhood Wage and Income Traps}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {38}, Address= {Bonn}, Series= {IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit}, Number= {16072}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp16072.html}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp16072.html}, Abstract= {"We present a simple dynamic model based on on-the-job human capital accumulation affecting the dynamic of wage rates and labor earnings. We show how these dynamics are determined by the interplay between the supply and demand sides of the labor market. The model can generate and explain the different dynamics of women's earnings after childbirth documented in the empirical literature on child penalties. We show that the temporary negative shock in labor supply due to childbearing may create a wage trap and a permanent divergence of labor earnings between genders. Even when the wage trap is avoided, and working mothers are on a path toward a high-wage equilibrium, slow convergence can permanently lose earnings. We use this model to study the impact of different policies on the gender wage gap and child penalties. We show that mandatory maternal leave exacerbates the shock which pleads against long leaves. Similarly, cash transfers to mothers via the income effect on labor supply aggravate gender wage differences. By contrast, temporary subsidies to mothers' wages (possibly in the form of Income Tax Credits) are not only useful to exit the wage trap, but also to speed up recovery and reduce the child penalty when the shock in labor supply is small enough to avoid the wage trap. Other family policies, like formal child-care subsidies and in-kind provision of formal childcare, are potentially useful because they reduce the mothers' cost of labor supply, but they affect mothers' choices only indirectly." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Elternschaft; Auswirkungen; Lohnunterschied; Mütter; Berufsverlauf; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Persistenz; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Mutterschaftsurlaub; Elternzeit; Elterngeld; Erwerbsunterbrechung; negative Einkommensteuer; Familienpolitik; Subvention; Kinderbetreuung; Einkommenseffekte; sozioökonomische Faktoren; }, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: H24 ; J31}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230425YMD}, } @Book{Bastani:2023:OAG, Institution={Reinhard Selten Institute. ECONtribute: Markets & Public Policy (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Spencer Bastani and Thomas Giebe and Oliver Gurtler}, Title= {Overconfidence and Gender Equality in the Labor Market}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {46}, Address= {K{\"o}ln ; Bonn}, Series= {ECONtribute discussion paper}, Number= {220}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/ajk/ajkdps/220.html}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/ajk/ajkdps/220.html}, Abstract= {"Using a promotion signaling model in which wages are realistically shaped by market forces, we analyze how male overconfidence combined with competitive workplace incentives affects gender equality in the labor market. Our main result is that overconfident workers exert more effort to be promoted, which translates into a higher probability of promotion and superior wage growth. Interestingly, workers who are not overconfident have higher expected ability conditional on promotion than overconfident workers. However, overconfident workers accumulate more human capital through learning-by-doing and therefore have higher expected productivity. Because overconfident workers compete fiercely, they incur higher effort costs and discourage their colleagues, and we find that overconfidence can be either self-serving or self-defeating for the overconfident worker." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Selbstbewusstsein; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Auswirkungen; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Beförderung; Wettbewerbsbedingungen; Aufstiegsmotivation; Einkommenseffekte; Produktivitätseffekte; beruflicher Aufstieg; }, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: J24 ; M51 ; J16 ; D91 ; C72 ; M52}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230426YM3}, } @Book{Blundell:2023:LMI, Institution={Institute for Fiscal Studies (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Richard Blundell and Hugo Lopez and James P. Ziliak}, Title= {Labour market inequality and the changing life cycle profile of male and female wages}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {82}, Address= {London}, Series= {IFS working paper / Institute for Fiscal Studies}, Number= {2023/16}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/ifs/ifsewp/23-16.html}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/ifs/ifsewp/23-16.html}, Abstract= {"We estimate the distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of prime-age men and women in the US. A quantile selection model is used to consistently recover the full distribution of wages accounting for systematic differences in employment, permitting us to construct genderand education-specific age-wage profiles, as well as measures of life cycle inequality within- and between-education groups and gender. Although common within-group time effects are shown to be a key driver of labor market inequalities, important additional differences by birth cohort emerge with older cohorts of higher educated men partly protected from the lower skill prices of the 1970s. The gender wage gap is found to increase sharply across the distribution in the first half of working life, coinciding with fertility cycles of women. After age 40, there has been substantial gender wage convergence in recent cohorts relative to those born prior to the 1950s." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Lohnunterschied; Lohnentwicklung; Berufsverlauf; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Entwicklung; qualifikationsspezifische Faktoren; altersspezifische Faktoren; Lebenslauf; Erwerbsbeteiligung; USA; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 1976-2018}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230512YZ7}, } @Book{KimJinyoung:2023:LER, Institution={Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Jinyoung Kim and Eunhye Kwak}, Title= {Long-Term Effects of Recession on Parenthood Gender Inequality}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {40}, Address= {Bonn}, Series= {IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit}, Number= {16055}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp16055.html}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp16055.html}, Abstract= {"This study identifies a new mechanism to account for the persistent gender differences in earnings after childbirth. Aside from women's voluntary wage cuts in pursuit of family-friendly job amenities, we claim that adverse labor market conditions at the time of childbearing widen the gender gap among parents. Employing the instrumental variable (IV) method against a large cross-sectional dataset from the US, we find that giving birth during a recession reduces mothers' earnings, whereas fathers remain mostly unaffected. The asymmetric impact of a recession at the time of childbirth persists for a long time and accounts for 30-40 percent of the after-childbirth gender gap in earnings. Unintended impacts of recession on parenthood gender gap leaves room for government intervention on women's career breaks." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Elternschaft; Auswirkungen; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Konjunkturabhängigkeit; Einkommenseffekte; Rezession; Mütter; Väter; USA; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2000-2019}, Annote= {JEL-Klassifikation: J31 ; E32 ; J21 ; J13}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230425YL9}, } @Book{Leoncini:2023:GSA, Author= {Riccardo Leoncini and Mariele Macaluso and Annalivia Polselli}, Title= {Gender Segregation: Analysis across Sectoral-Dominance in the UK Labour Market}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {50}, Series= {arXiv papers}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2303.04539.html}, Annote= {URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2303.04539.html}, Abstract= {"Although the degree of gender segregation in the UK has decreased over time, women's participation in traditionally "female-dominated" sectors is disproportionately high. This paper aims to evaluate how changing patterns of sectoral gender segregation affected women's employment contracts and wages in the UK between 2005 and 2020. We then study wage differentials in gender-specific dominated sectors. We found that the differences in wages and contractual opportunities result mainly from the propensity of women to be distributed differently across sectors. Hence, the disproportion of women in female-dominated sectors implies contractual features and lower wages typical of that sector, on average, for all workers. This difference is primarily explained by persistent discriminatory constraints, while human capital-related characteristics play a minor role. However, wage differentials would shrink if workers had the same potential wages as men in male-dominated sectors. Moreover, this does not happen at the top of the wage distribution, where wage differentials among women in female-dominated sectors are always more pronounced than men." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: geschlechtsspezifischer Arbeitsmarkt; Segregation; sektorale Verteilung; Männerberufe; Frauenberufe; Auswirkungen; Einkommenseffekte; Lohnunterschied; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; erwerbstätige Frauen; erwerbstätige Männer; Geschlechterverteilung; Wirtschaftszweige; Beschäftigungsform; atypische Beschäftigung; Wochenarbeitszeit; Großbritannien; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2005-2020}, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230424YK7}, } *************************** 5. MONOGRAPHISCHE LITERATUR *************************** @Book{Lochner:2023:WMU, Annote= {Sign.: Z 755 8/2023;}, Institution={Institut f{\"u}r Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, N{\"u}rnberg (Hrsg.)}, Author= {Benjamin Lochner and Christian Merkl}, Title= {Wie M{\"a}nner und Frauen sich bei der Jobsuche unterscheiden: Bewerbungsverhalten kann die H{\"a}lfte der bereinigten Verdienstl{\"u}cke erkl{\"a}ren}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {8}, Address= {N{\"u}rnberg}, Series= {IAB-Kurzbericht}, Number= {8/2023}, Annote= {URL: https://doku.iab.de/kurzber/2023/kb2023-08.pdf}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.48720/IAB.KB.2308}, Annote= {URL: https://www.iab-forum.de/frauen-bewerben-sich-seltener-auf-gut-bezahlte-stellen-als-maenner}, Abstract= {"Frauen verdienen im Durchschnitt weniger als Männer. Dies wird in der Wissenschaft intensiv analysiert und in der Politik oft debattiert. Dabei findet das geschlechtsspezifische Bewerbungsverhalten bisher kaum Beachtung. Die Analyse detaillierter Betriebsdaten zeigt aber, dass sich Männer und Frauen selbst innerhalb eng definierter Berufe auf Stellen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften bewerben und dass dies einen erheblichen Teil der Verdienstlücke erklärt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)}, Abstract= {"On average, women earn less than men. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the role of the gender-specific application behavior. However, detailed establishment data suggest that men and women apply for jobs with different characteristics, even within narrowly defined occupations. The difference in the application behavior can explain a significant part of the earnings gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: IAB-Open-Access-Publikation; IAB-Stellenerhebung; Integrierte Erwerbsbiografien; Arbeitsuche; Bewerbungsverhalten; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; Männer; Frauen; Auswirkungen; Lohnunterschied; Arbeitsplatzwahl; Determinanten; Beruf und Familie; Personalauswahl; IAB-Stellenerhebung; Integrierte Erwerbsbiografien; Arbeitsbedingungen; Arbeitszeitflexibilität; Arbeitsweg; Bundesrepublik Deutschland; }, Annote= {Bezugszeitraum: 2010-2016}, Annote= {Sprache: de}, Annote= {IAB-Sign.: Z 755}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230502YPT}, } @Book{OECD:2023:JFF, Institution={OECD}, Title= {Joining Forces for Gender Equality : What is Holding us Back?}, Year= {2023}, Pages= {337}, Address= {Paris}, ISBN= {ISBN 978-92-64-72801-1}, Annote= {URL: https://doi.org/10.1787/67d48024-en}, Annote= {URL: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/executive-summary_35f02dcf-en.pdf?itemId=%2Fcontent%2Fcomponent%2F35f02dcf-en&mimeType=pdf}, Abstract= {"OECD countries continue to face persistent gender inequalities in social and economic life. Young women often reach higher levels of education than young men, but remain under-represented in fields with the most lucrative careers. Women spend more time on unpaid work, face a strong motherhood penalty, encounter barriers to entrepreneurship and fare worse in labour markets overall. They are also under-represented in politics and leadership positions in public employment. These elements permeate many policy areas and economic sectors – from international trade and development assistance to energy and the environment – in which policy often lacks a strong gender focus. Violence against women, the most abhorrent manifestation of gender inequality, remains a global crisis. This publication analyses developments and policies for gender equality, such as gender mainstreaming and budgeting, reforms to increase fathers' involvement in parental leave and childcare, pay transparency initiatives to tackle gender pay gaps, and systems to address gender-based violence. It extends the perspective on gender equality to include foreign direct investment, nuclear energy and transport. Advancing gender equality is not just a moral imperative; in times of rapidly ageing populations, low fertility and multiple crises, it will strengthen future gender-equal economic growth and social cohesion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))}, Annote= {Schlagwörter: Gleichstellungspolitik; geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren; OECD; internationaler Vergleich; Erfolgskontrolle; Gleichstellung; Frauen; Mädchen; institutionelle Faktoren; Gender Mainstreaming; politischer Entscheidungsprozess; Gesetzgebung; Umweltpolitik; Gewaltprävention; Schulleistung; Jungen; Berufswahl; Lehrer; Frauenberufe; Lernmotivation; Berufsausbildung; Bildungsbeteiligung; Weiterbildungsbeteiligung; Finanzkompetenz; Erwerbsbeteiligung; geschlechtsspezifischer Arbeitsmarkt; Segregation; Geflüchtete; berufliche Integration; ausländische Frauen; Lohnunterschied; Führungskräfte; Geschlechterverteilung; Energiewirtschaft; Kernenergie; Transportgewerbe; Alterssicherung; Elternzeit; Beruf und Familie; Kinderbetreuung; Steuerpolitik; Telearbeit; Lohnpolitik; Unternehmertum; Sozialwesen; Väter; Auslandsinvestitionen; Welt; Nahost; Nordafrika; }, Annote= {Sprache: en}, Annote= {Quelle: IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek, LitDokAB, K230519Y2T}, } 14 von 327 Datensätzen ausgegeben.