Thema: unterwertige Beschäftigung | Fertigstellung: September 2021

Suchprofil: unterwertige_Beschäftigung
Durchsuchter Fertigstellungsmonat: 09/21

Sortierung:
1. SSCI-JOURNALS
2. SONSTIGE REFERIERTE ZEITSCHRIFTEN
3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN
4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER
5. MONOGRAPHISCHE LITERATUR
6. BEITRÄGE ZU SAMMELWERKEN

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1. SSCI-JOURNALS
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%0 Journal Article
%J Labour economics
%V 70
%F Z 1120
%A Jiang, Xuan
%T Women in STEM: Ability, preference, and value
%D 2021
%P Art. 101991
%G en
%# 2007-2014
%R 10.1016/j.labeco.2021.101991
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2021.101991
%U https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2021.101991
%X "Women are underrepresented in both STEM college majors and STEM jobs. Even with a STEM college degree, women are significantly less likely to work in STEM occupations than their male counterparts. This paper studies the determinants of the gender gap in college major choice and job choice between STEM and non-STEM fields and quantifies how much the gender wage gap can be explained by these choices using an extended Roy Model. I find that men's ability sorting behavior is statistically stronger than women's in major choice, yet gender differences in ability and ability sorting together explain only a small portion of the gender gap in STEM majors. The gender gap in STEM occupations cannot be explained by the gender differences in ability or ability sorting. Instead, a part of the gender gap in STEM occupations can be explained by the fact that women are more represented in less Math-intensive STEM majors and graduates from those majors are more likely to be well-matched to and to take jobs in non-STEM occupations. The other part of the gender gap in STEM occupations can be explained by women's preference over work-life balance and women's home location. The counterfactual analysis shows that about 13.7% of the gender wage gap among college graduates can be explained by the returns to STEM careers among the non-STEM women in the top 6.7% of the ability distribution." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2021 Elsevier) ((en))
%K MINT-Berufe
%K Studienfachwahl
%K Arbeitsplatzwahl
%K geschlechtsspezifische Faktoren
%K Frauen
%K Männer
%K Determinanten
%K Präferenz
%K Work-Life-Balance
%K Lohnunterschied
%K Hochschulabsolventen
%K adäquate Beschäftigung
%K Schulleistung
%K Bildungsertrag
%K Studienerfolg
%K Berufswechsel
%K USA
%K I20
%K I23
%K J16
%K J24
%K J31
%Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals
%Z fertig: 2021-09-07
%M K210825LGN
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

%0 Journal Article
%J BJIR
%V 59
%N 3
%F Z 2149
%A Tani, Massimiliano
%T Occupational Licensing and the Skills Mismatch of Highly Educated Migrants
%D 2021
%P S. 730-756
%G en
%# 1993-2000
%R 10.1111/bjir.12574
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12574
%U https://doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12574
%X "This article studies occupational licensing as a possible cause of education-occupation mismatches of highly educated migrants. Based on data from the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia (LSIA), the empirical analysis applies the Propensity Score Matching estimator to identify a suitable control group. Licensing raises hourly wages and reduces over-education for those working in licensed jobs, and correspondingly it produces worse labour market outcomes for those who do not gain licensure. These results are robust to omitted variable bias and alternative matching approaches. They also persist over time, suggesting that the sole market forces of supply and demand are not enough to reduce the mismatch faced by highly educated migrants after settlement." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
%K Berufsrecht
%K Zugangsvoraussetzung
%K Auswirkungen
%K mismatch
%K Einwanderer
%K Hochqualifizierte
%K ausländische Arbeitnehmer
%K Lizenz
%K berufliche Qualifikation
%K Anerkennung
%K Überqualifikation
%K unterwertige Beschäftigung
%K Australien
%Z Typ: 1. SSCI-Journals
%Z fertig: 2021-09-17
%M K210903LNF
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

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2. SONSTIGE REFERIERTE ZEITSCHRIFTEN
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%0 Journal Article
%J Sociology compass
%F X 1133
%A Churchill, Brendan
%A Khan, Chabel
%T Youth underemployment: A review of research on young people and the problems of less(er) employment in an era of mass education
%D 2021
%P Art. e12921
%G en
%R 10.1111/soc4.12921
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12921
%U https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12921
%X "In this article, we examine the problem of youth underemployment and how it is conceptualised, operationalised and understood within wider sociology, with particular focus on the sociology of youth and youth studies literature. We outline the contours of this body of work, showing how in most cases underemployment is undefined and used as a general term to describe the challenges and inadequacies of the contemporary labour market for young people. Further, we show how despite a lack of clarity, most researchers in this field contend that underemployment is increasing for young people, becoming a normative experience, cutting across class, ethnicity and gender. For some, however, underemployment is a 'choice', but as the literature shows, how different groups of young people respond to underemployment varies. In addition, we show how overeducation, another form of underemployment, is being understood by both researchers and young people as a 'new normal' rather than being challenged as another flank in the on-going neo-liberalisation and massification of education. We conclude with a call to think through the ideas presented and to develop new understandings of youth underemployment that can facilitate change. The sensitising concept of less(er) employment is proposed as best placed to facilitate this reanimation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
%K Jugendliche
%K Unterbeschäftigung
%K Heterogenität
%K Überqualifikation
%K Bildungsexpansion
%K Auswirkungen
%K Konzeption
%K unterwertige Beschäftigung
%K Arbeitssoziologie
%K junge Erwachsene
%K Teilzeitarbeit
%K Niedriglohn
%Z Typ: 2. sonstige referierte Zeitschriften
%Z fertig: 2021-09-21
%M K210907LOT
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

%0 Journal Article
%J Labour
%V 35
%N 3
%F Z 930
%A Holford, Angus
%T Access and returns to unpaid graduate work experience
%D 2021
%P S. 348-377
%G en
%# 2005-2012
%R 10.1111/labr.12196
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/labr.12196
%U https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12196
%X "We use longitudinal data on graduates from UK universities to evaluate whether unpaid work experience is a stepping stone into paid or stable employment. We document the characteristics and occupations of recent graduates taking unpaid work experience and then use propensity score matching to estimate the treatment effect of unpaid work experience on outcomes 3.5 years after graduation. We find negative treatment effects compared with initially being in paid work, on annual salary (£2900), job security and attainment of a professional occupation (both 9% pts). We find no evidence of a benefit to salary or job attributes compared with initially being out of the labour force." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
%K Hochschulabsolventen
%K Praktikum
%K Auswirkungen
%K Bildungsertrag
%K Berufseinmündung
%K Arbeitszufriedenheit
%K Einkommenseffekte
%K Arbeitsplatzsicherheit
%K adäquate Beschäftigung
%K Berufserfahrung
%K Berufsverlauf
%K Großbritannien
%K J24
%K J28
%K J31
%K K31
%Z Typ: 2. sonstige referierte Zeitschriften
%Z fertig: 2021-09-07
%M K210825LF9
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

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3. SONSTIGE ZEITSCHRIFTEN
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%0 Journal Article
%J Deutscher Bundestag. Drucksachen
%N Dr 19/32219 v 26 08 2021
%F Z 198
%A Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales
%A Deutscher Bundestag. Fraktion Die Linke
%T Midijobs in Deutschland : Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/31982)
%D 2021
%P S. 1-81
%G de
%# 2005-2020
%U https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/19/322/1932219.pdf
%X Im Jahr 2003 wurden Midijobs eingeführt, um zu verhindern, dass jene Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer benachteiligt werden, die nur geringfügig mehr als in einem Minijob verdienen. Diese Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer müssen geringere Beiträge zur Sozialversicherung zahlen. Die sogenannte Gleitzone wurde ab Juli 2019 von zwischen 450,01 Euro und 800 Euro pro Monat auf 1.300 Euro angehoben. Mit dieser Kleinen Anfrage sollen genaues Ausmaß und Problemlagen der Midijobs abgefragt werden. Nach Angaben der Beschäftigungsstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit gab es im Dezember 2020 rund 2,98 Millionen Beschäftigte im Übergangsbereich, dies entspricht einem Anteil von 8,9 Prozent an allen sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten. Die Darstellung ist differenziert nach demografischen Merkmalen der Beschäftigten, der regionalen und sektoralen Verteilung der Midijobs und erfolgt für die Jahre 2005-2020. Der deutliche Anstieg an Midijobbern von 2018 bis 2019 wird hauptsächlich auf die Anhebung der Entgeltgrenze und auf den Wegfall der geminderten Rentenansprüche zurückgeführt. (IAB)
%K Midi-Job
%K Beschäftigungsentwicklung
%K Überqualifikation
%K unterwertige Beschäftigung
%K Lohnhöhe
%K Aufstocker
%K Reformpolitik
%K Schwellenwert
%K Rentenanspruch
%K Beschäftigtenstruktur
%K regionaler Vergleich
%K Bundesländer
%K sektorale Verteilung
%K Niedriglohn
%K Bundesrepublik Deutschland
%K Ostdeutschland
%K Westdeutschland
%Z Typ: 3. sonstige Zeitschriften
%Z fertig: 2021-09-24
%M K210913LS0
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

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4. ARBEITSPAPIERE/DISCUSSION PAPER
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%0 Book
%1 Tulane University. Department of Economics (Hrsg.)
%A Fumarco, Luca
%A Vandromme, Alessandro
%A Halewyck, Levi
%A Moens, Eline
%A Baert, Stijn
%T Does relative age at the onset of compulsory education affects the speed and quality of one's transition from school to work?
%D 2021
%P 36 S.
%C New Orleans, La.
%G en
%# 1978-2009
%B Tulane University Economics working paper : 2112
%U https://ideas.repec.org/p/tul/wpaper/2112.html
%U https://ideas.repec.org/p/tul/wpaper/2112.html
%X "We are the first to estimate the impact of relative age (i.e., the difference in classmates' ages) on both speed and quality of individuals' transition from education to the labour market. Moreover, we are the first to explore whether and how this impact passes through characteristics of students' educational career. We use rich data pertaining to schooling and to labour market outcomes one year after graduation to conduct instrumental variables analyses. We find that a one-year increase in relative age decreases the likelihood of having a school delay at sixteen and attending vocational high-school, while it increases the likelihood of having a student job. Furthermore, we find that a one-year increase in relative age increases the likelihood of (i) being employed by 3.5 percentage points, (ii) having a permanent contract by 5.1 percentage points, and (iii) having full-time employment by 6.5 percentage points. We find no effect on the likelihood of obtaining a job that matches one's educational level. Finally, we find that only 8 percent to 14 percent of relative age effects on the likelihood of being employed and on full-time employment pass through educational attainments. Moreover, the mediator role of having a student job is as important as that of standard educational outcomes. The impact of relative age on student's job and, in turn, its impact on the labour market was previously neglected." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
%K Schüler
%K Lebensalter
%K Auswirkungen
%K Bildungsverlauf
%K Schulerfolg
%K Berufseinmündung
%K Arbeitsplatzqualität
%K Altersstruktur
%K Schulklasse
%K Schulpflicht
%K Altersgrenze
%K adäquate Beschäftigung
%K unbefristeter Arbeitsvertrag
%K Vollzeitarbeit
%K Schulabgänger
%K altersspezifische Faktoren
%K Belgien
%K Flandern
%K J24
%K J23
%K J60
%K I21
%Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper
%Z fertig: 2021-09-24
%M K210914LTZ
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

%0 Book
%1 CESifo GmbH (Hrsg.)
%A Ludolph, Lars
%T The Value of Formal Host-Country Education for the Labour Market Position of Refugees: Evidence from Austria
%D 2021
%P 65 S.
%C München
%G en
%# 1995-2019
%B CESifo working paper : 9241
%U https://ideas.repec.org/p/ces/ceswps/_9241.html
%U https://ideas.repec.org/p/ces/ceswps/_9241.html
%X "Refugees hosted across the developed world often work in low-quality jobs, regardless of education previously attained in their country of origin. In this paper, I analyse the long-term value of formal host-country education for refugees using the example of forcefully displaced Bosnians who arrived in Austria during the 1992-1995 Bosnian war. Deploying 22 years of Austrian microcensus data, I exploit the age at the time of forced migration as an instrument for the probability of receiving host-country instead of origin country education to recover local average treatment effects of education attained in Austria vis-à-vis Bosnia on labour market outcomes for refugees aged around schooling thresholds. These estimates show that attaining a formal degree in the host-country significantly reduces the probability of work below educational attainment and low-skill employment over the entire observation period. Income differences between Austrian and Bosnian degree holders are visible after more than two decades of stay in Austria. The discount on Bosnian education declines over time for men but not for women, suggesting that host-country degrees are particularly important to groups that faced cultural barriers to quality employment in their country of origin." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
%K berufliche Integration
%K Determinanten
%K Geflüchtete
%K Herkunftsland
%K Bildungsabschluss
%K Einwanderungsland
%K Überqualifikation
%K unterwertige Beschäftigung
%K Lohnunterschied
%K Bildungsertrag
%K Österreich
%K Bosnien und Herzegowina
%Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper
%Z fertig: 2021-09-10
%M K210830LI2
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

%0 Book
%A Wiedner, Jonas
%T Skill Shortage or Credential Inflation? : Qualification mismatch in Great Britain and Germany, 1984-2017
%D 2021
%P 40 S.
%9 This Version: 23rd August 2021
%G en
%# 1984-2017
%B SocArXiv papers
%R 10.31235/osf.io/s63dr
%U https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/s63dr
%U https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/s63dr
%X "The dramatic expansion of education since the second world war has been recognized as one of the major forces shaping social change. However, the question whether educa-tional expansion has outstripped the demand for qualified labour, or whether modern economies face a skill-shortage despite increases in education remains debated. Focus-sing on the United Kingdom and West Germany, this paper asks to what degree expan-sion of education has been absorbed by labour markets. I point out shortcomings of wage-centred analyses and develop an approach that focuses on trends in self-assessed over- and underqualification. Using repeated surveys, I link cohort-level expansion to mismatch prevalence. Results show that educational expansion gave rise to credential inflation and a positional value of education in the United Kingdom. West-Germany, on the other hand, is affected by a mild skill-shortage. I relate these findings to the con-trasting institutional logics of education systems in the two countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
%K Bildungsexpansion
%K Auswirkungen
%K Arbeitskräftemangel
%K Fachkräfte
%K internationaler Vergleich
%K Überqualifikation
%K Unterqualifikation
%K institutionelle Faktoren
%K Bildungssystem
%K mismatch
%K technischer Wandel
%K Bundesrepublik Deutschland
%K Großbritannien
%K Westdeutschland
%Z Typ: 4. Arbeitspapiere/Discussion Paper
%Z fertig: 2021-09-14
%M K210830LJK
%~ LitDokAB
%W IAB, SB Dokumentation und Bibliothek

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